sophistication

英 [sə,fɪstɪ'keɪʃn] 美[sə,fɪstɪ'keʃən]

• n. 复杂；诡辩；老于世故；有教养

1. uplifting enlightenment

2. a deliberately invalid argument displaying ingenuity in reasoning in the hope of deceiving someone

3. being expert or having knowledge of some technical subject;

"understanding affine transformations requires considerable mathematical sophistication"

4. the quality or character of being intellectually sophisticated through cultivation or experience or disillusionment

5. falsification by the use of sophistry; misleading by means of specious fallacies;

"he practiced the art of sophistication upon reason"